Episodic vertigo is frequently associated with migraine headache
Head trauma may also be a precipitating feature
The vertigo may be temporally related to the headache and last up to several hours, or it may also occur in the absence of any headache
Migrainous vertigo may resemble Ménière disease but without associated hearing loss or tinnitus
Accompanying symptoms may include head pressure; visual, motion, or auditory sensitivity; and photosensitivity
Symptoms typically worsen with lack of sleep and anxiety or stress
Food triggers include caffeine, chocolate, and alcohol, among others
There is often a history of motion intolerance (easily carsick as a child)
Migrainous vertigo may be familial

Treatment

includes dietary and lifestyle changes (improved sleep pattern, avoidance of stress) and antimigraine prophylactic medication