Antibacterial agent

250–500 mg once or twice a day (varies depending on indication)

Molecular weight :361.4

%Protein binding :30–40

%Excreted unchanged in urine : >85

Volume of distribution (L/kg) :1.1–1.5

half-life – normal/ESRD (hrs) :6–8/35

20 to 50 : Initial dose 250–500 mg then reduce dose by 50%

10 to 20 : Initial dose 250–500 mg then 125 mg 12–24 hourly

<10 : Initial dose 250–500 mg then 125 mg 24–48 hourly

CAPD :Not dialysed. Dose as in GFR <10 mL/min

HD :Not dialysed. Dose as in GFR <10 mL/min

HDF/high flux :Not dialysed. Dose as in GFR <10 mL/min

CAV/VVHD :Not dialysed. Loading dose: 500 mg then 250 mg every 24 hours.1

Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs

Analgesics: possibly increased risk of convulsions with NSAIDs

Anticoagulants: anticoagulant effect of coumarins and phenindione enhanced

Antimalarials: manufacturer advises avoid concomitant use with artemether and lumefantrine

Ciclosporin: half-life of ciclosporin increased by 33%; increased risk of nephrotoxicity

Tacrolimus: may increase tacrolimus concentrationTheophylline: possibly increased risk of convulsions

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Oral, IV

30 minutes per 250 mg

Dose and frequency depend on indication