15 to 24% of Americans will experience acute hives or angioedema (swelling that occurs in the tissue just
below the skin, especially around the lips and eyes) at some point in their lives
People who have Allergies such as hay fever
People with infections from colds or by bacteria or fungi
People with lupus, thyroid disease, and a type of vasculitis
Medically known as urticaria, hives are the itchy red welts that develop as a result of reactions to
foods, medications, and other provoking substances
If hives are accompanied by swelling of the throat and difficulty breathing, speaking, or
swallowing, seek immediate medical help These symptoms may signal anaphylaxis, a potentially
fatal medical emergency
Nutrition Connection
Avoid trigger foods This is the best way to prevent a hives outbreak Some common causes are
shellfish, nuts, and berries A person who is allergic to aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) should also be
wary of foods that contain natural salicylates These include apricots, berries, grapes, raisins and
other dried fruits, tea, and foods processed with vinegar
Keep a food diary If you get hives repeatedly, start a food diary; once you identify the suspect
foods, eliminate them from your regular diet, then reintroduce one at a time
Eat foods that are high in niacin Since hives and other allergy symptoms are triggered by the
release of histamines, it may be useful to increase consumption of foods that are high in niacin
(vitamin B3), which is believed to inhibit histamine release Good sources of niacin include poultry,
seafood, seeds and nuts, whole grains, and fortified and enriched cereals and breads However, note
that some foods that are good sources of niacin are among those that tend to provoke an allergy
Check food labels to avoid tartrazine Although food additives are often blamed for causing
allergic reactions, only tartrazine (yellow no 5), a common coloring agent, has been found to cause
hives—and in fewer than one out of 10,000 people All product labels must list food colorants;
people who are sensitive to tartrazine should read labels on food products, medications, and vitamin
supplements
Beyond the Diet
Take these steps to pin down the causes of hives and to avoid future attacks:
Avoid trigger situations Emotional stress; exposure to sunshine, heat, or cold (even ice cubes in
drinks); and viral infections can all cause hives
Take antihistamines These medications can block histamines that produce the symptoms of hives
Your doctor may recommend a drug such as Claritin, Allegra, Zyrtec, or Clarinex or a combination of
antihistamines and other drugs such as corticosteroids Apply medicated lotions Ask your doctor or a
dermatologist about lotions to reduce itching and relieve inflammation
Talk to your doctor He or she may recommend allergy testing and be able to prescribe special
medications for severe outbreaks