Pindolol

CLINICAL USE

Beta-blocker:Hypertension Angina

DOSE IN NORMAL RENAL FUNCTION

Hypertension: 15–45 mg daily in divided doses (15 mg can be given as a single dose.)Angina: 2.5–5 mg 3 times daily

PHARMACOKINETICS

Molecular weight :248.3

%Protein binding :40–60

%Excreted unchanged in urine : 30–40

Volume of distribution (L/kg) :2–3

half-life – normal/ESRD (hrs) :3–4/Increased

DOSE IN RENAL IMPAIRMENT

GFR (mL/MIN)

20 to 50 : Dose as in normal renal function

10 to 20 : Dose as in normal renal function

<10 : Dose as in normal renal function

DOSE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPIES

CAPD :Not dialysed. Dose as in normal renal function

HD :Not dialysed. Dose as in normal renal function

HDF/high flux :Unknown dialysability. Dose as in normal renal function

CAV/VVHD :Not dialysed. Dose as in normal renal function

IMPORTANT DRUG INTERACTIONS

Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs

Anaesthetics: enhanced hypotensive effect

Analgesics: NSAIDs antagonise hypotensive effect

Anti-arrhythmics: increased risk of myocardial depression and bradycardia; increased risk of bradycardia, myocardial depression and AV block with amiodarone

Antidepressants: enhanced hypotensive effect with MAOIsAntihypertensives; enhanced hypotensive effect; increased risk of withdrawal hypertension with clonidine; increased risk of first dose hypotensive effect with post-synaptic alpha-blockers such as prazosin

Antimalarials: increased risk of bradycardia with mefloquine

Antipsychotics: enhanced hypotensive effect with phenothiazines

Calcium-channel blockers: increased risk of bradycardia and AV block with diltiazem; hypotension and heart failure possible with nifedipine and nisoldipine; asystole, severe hypotension and heart failure with verapamil

Diuretics: enhanced hypotensive effect

Moxisylyte: possible severe postural hypotension

Sympathomimetics: severe hypertension with adrenaline and noradrenaline and possibly with dobutamineTropisetron: increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias – use with caution

ADMINISTRATION

Reconstition

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Route

Oral

Rate of Administration

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Comments

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OTHER INFORMATION

The fate of metabolites, even if they are inactive, is unknown.

See how to identify renal failure stages according to GFR calculation

See how to diagnose irreversible renal disease

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