about Nystatin class, uses, side effects contraindications
Nystatin
Short Description
Nystatin is an antifungal drug that was developed in the early 50s of the last century. Nystatin is effective for treating superficial infections caused by Candida.
Since the body is not able to absorb nystamine from the digestive system into the blood circulation, it is not used to treat infections and cannot be given by injection, side effects from the drug's use rarely occur.
Category
Chemical class: Amphoteric polyene macrolide
Therapeutic class: Antifungal
Pregnancy category: Not rated
(lozenges, oral suspension, tablets, topical), A (vaginal)
Indications
To treat oropharyngeal candidiasis (thrush) LOZENGES(PASTILLES) Adults and children over age 5. 200,000 to 400,000 units dissolved in mouth 4 or 5 times daily for up to 14 days. ORAL SUSPENSION Adults and children.400,000 to 600,000 units swished and swallowed q.i.d. until at least 48 hr after symptoms subside. Infants. 200,000 units to each side of mouth q.i.d. until at least 48 hr after symptoms subside. Neonates. 100,000 units applied to each side of mouth q.i.d. until at least 48 hr after symptoms subside. Adults and adolescents. 500,000 to 1,000,000 units t.i.d. until at least 48 hr after symptoms subside. Children age 5 and over.500,000 units q.i.d. until at least 48 hr after symptoms subside. To treat cutaneous and mucocutaneous candidiasis Adults and children. 100,000 units (1 g) on affected area b.i.d. or t.i.d. for at least 2 wk. To treat vulvovaginal candidiasis VAGINAL Adults and adolescents. 100,000 units (1 tab) once or twice daily for 14 days.
Mechanism of Action
Binds to sterols in fungal cell membranes, impairing membrane integrity. Cells lose intracellular potassium and other cellular contents and, eventually, die.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to nystatin or its components
Side Efect
ENDO: Hyperglycemia (lozenge, oral suspension)
GI: Abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting (oral forms)
GU: Vaginal burning or itching (vaginal form)
SKIN: Irritation (topical forms)
Cautions
Prepare nystatin powder for oral suspension for each dose; it has no preservatives. Gently rub nystatin cream or ointment into skin at affected area. Keep area dry and avoid occlusive dressings. Don’t get topical form in patient’s eyes. When treating candidal infection of feet, dust patient’s shoes, socks, and feet. For vaginal form, use applicator supplied by manufacturer. PATIENT SAFTY
Instruct patient to let nystatin lozenges dissolve slowly in her mouth, not to chew or swallow them. Tell patient to swish oral suspension in her mouth as long as possible before swallowing. Advise patient to gently rub ointment or cream into skin at affected area, to keep area dry, and to avoid occlusive dressings. Caution patient to keep topical form away from her eyes. Advise patient with candidal infection of feet to dust her shoes, socks, and feet with nystatin. For vaginal form, tell patient to insert with applicator supplied by manufacturer.
Trade Name & Company Name
effect of Nystatin in Pregnancy, Fetal Health
and Breast feeding
Pregnancy
. Candida vaginitis is perhaps the most common female genital tract infection. Nystatin is an antifungal antibiotic that is both fungistatic and fungicidal in vitro against a wide variety of yeasts and yeastlike fungi. It is a polyene antibiotic obtained from 808 Streptomyces noursei. The vaginal milieu during Pregnancy
predisposes to C. albicans overgrowth. In vitro, nystatin is highly effective against 83% of sensitive strains of tested C. albicans. There are no adequate reports or well-controlled studies of nystatin in pregnant women. It is not clear whether the various imidazole compounds differ in efficacy for mycotic vaginitis. Nystatin is thought less effective than miconazole for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis during pregnancy, though there are no randomized trials to substantiate this conclusion. There is no significant difference in the cure rates achieved after 7d or 14d of therapy. More patients relapsed after a cure with nystatin than with miconazole. Fetal Health
There are no adequate reports or well-controlled studies in human fetuses. It is unknown whether nystatin crosses the human placenta. 1st trimester use of nystatin (and imidazole agents) is unassociated with an increased prevalence of spontaneous abortion or fetal malformation. Congenital candidiasis of the neonate?s skin rarely occurs, and nystatin is used to treat this infection and avoid septicemia. Rodent teratogenicity studies are limited to a single report where fetal losses were associated with maternal toxicity. Breastfeeding
There are no adequate reports or well-controlled studies in nursing women. It is unknown whether nystatin enters human breast milk. However, considering the indication and dosing, limited nystatin use is unlikely to pose a clinically significant risk to the Breastfeeding neonate. Nystatin is not effective treatment of nipple candidiasis.
the follwing drugs will increse Nystatin by inhepiting cyp450
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the follwing drugs will decrease Nystatin by inhancing cyp450
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trad drugs based on Nystatin
| Gen name | Trade name | Catagory name |
| nystatin | Bio-Statin | Polyenes |
| nystatin | Mycostatin | Polyenes |
| nystatin | Mycostatin Topical | Topical antifungals |
| nystatin | Nilstat | Polyenes |
| nystatin | Nyamyc | Topical antifungals |
| nystatin | Nyata | Topical antifungals |
| nystatin | Nystop | Topical antifungals |
| nystatin | Pedi-Dri | Topical antifungals |
| nystatin | Pediaderm AF | Topical antifungals |
| nystatin / triamcinolone | Mycolog II | Topical steroids with anti-infectives |
| nystatin / triamcinolone | Mytrex | Topical steroids with anti-infectives |
| Nystatin | KENACIN CREAM | |
| Nystatin | MIKOSTAT 100000 U OINTMENT | |
| Nystatin | MIKOSTAT 100000U CREAM | |
| Nystatin | MIKOSTAT 100000U\ML ORAL SUSP | |
| Nystatin | MYCOSAT 100,000IU/ML ORAL SUSP | |
| Nystatin | MYCOSTATIN 100000 UNITS-ML ORAL SUSP | |
| Nystatin | RIANEST | |
| Nystatin | SINATEN 100000 IU VAGINAL TAB. | |
other drugs from same cataogory