DESCRIPTION
Diclofenac – A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt. Menthol – Menthol is a covalent organic compound made synthetically or obtained from peppermint or other mint oils. It is a waxy, crystalline substance, clear or white in color, which is solid at room temperature and melts slightly above. The main form of menthol occurring in nature is (-)-menthol, which is assigned the (1R,2S,5R) configuration. Menthol has local anesthetic and counterirritant qualities, and it is widely used to relieve minor throat irritation.Linseed oil-Linseed oil, also known as flaxseed oil is a colourless to yellowish oil obtained from the dried, ripened seeds of the flax plant (Linum usitatissimum).Methyl salicylate – Methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen or wintergreen oil) is an organic ester naturally produced by many species of plants, particularly wintergreens. It is also synthetically produced, used as a fragrance, in foods and beverages, and in liniments..
CATEGORIES
Diclofenac – Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ,Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors .Menthol -Antipruritics ,
CHEMICAL FORMULA
Diclofenac – C14H11Cl2NO2 ,Menthol – C10H20O,
COMPOSITION
Diclofenac 1.16%w/w + Linseed oil 3%w/w + Menthol 5% + Methyl salicylate 10%w/w
INDICATION
Diclofenac – For the acute and chronic treatment of signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Menthol – Used to treat occasional minor irritation, pain, sore mouth, and sore throat as well as cough associated with a cold or inhaled irritants.
PHARMACODYNAMICS
Diclofenac – Diclofenac is an acetic acid nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Diclofenac is used to treat pain, dysmenorrhea, ocular inflammation, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and actinic keratosis .Menthol – Menthol is a covalent organic compound made synthetically or obtained from peppermint or other mint oils. Menthol’s ability to chemically trigger cold-sensitive receptors in the skin is responsible for the well known cooling sensation that it provokes when inhalated, eaten, or applied to the skin. It should be noted that menthol does not cause an actual drop in temperature.
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ABSORPTION
Diclofenac – Completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
VOLUME DISTRIBUTION
Diclofenac – 1.3 L/kg,
METABOLISM
Diclofenac – Hepatic,
ELIMINATION
Diclofenac – Diclofenac is eliminated through metabolism and subsequent urinary and biliary excretion of the glucuronide and the sulfate conjugates of the metabolites. Little or no free unchanged diclofenac is excreted in the urine. Approximately 65% of the dose is excreted in the urine and approximately 35% in the bile as conjugates of unchanged diclofenac plus metabolites .
HALF LIFE
Diclofenac – , 2 hours ,
TOXICITY
Diclofenac – Symptoms of overdose include loss of consciousness, increased intracranial pressure, and aspiration pneumonitis. LD50=390mg/kg (orally in mice) ,Menthol – Menthol, DL: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 2900 mg/kg [Rat], 3100 mg/kg [Mouse]. DERMAL (LD50): Acute: 5001 mg/kg [Rabbit].
SIDE EFFECTS
Diclofenac – Headache. Belly pain. Upset stomach or throwing up. Many small meals, good mouth care, sucking hard, sugar-free candy, or chewing sugar-free gum may help. Hard stools (constipation). Drinking more liquids, working out, or adding fiber to your diet may help. Talk with your doctor about a stool softener or laxative. Loose stools (diarrhea). Harm to the liver may rarely happen.Linsed oil-Most applications of linseed oil exploit its drying properties, i.e., the initial material is liquid or at least pliable and the aged material is rigid but not brittle. The water-repelling (hydrophobic) nature of the resulting hydrocarbon-based material is advantageous.Methyl salicylate-analgesic ,rubefacient .