DESCRIPTION
Cefixime -Cefixime, an antibiotic, is a third-generation cephalosporin like ceftriaxone and cefotaxime. Cefixime is highly stable in the presence of beta-lactamase enzymes. As a result, many organisms resistant to penicillins and some cephalosporins due to the presence of beta-lactamases, may be susceptible to cefixime. The antibacterial effect of cefixime results from inhibition of mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall. Ofloxacin -A synthetic fluoroquinolone (fluoroquinolones) antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.
CATEGORIES
Cefixime -Anti-Bacterial Agents,Cephalosporins. Ofloxacin -Anti-Bacterial Agents,Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors,Anti-Infective Agents,Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary,Quinolones.
CHEMICAL FORMULA
Cefixime -C16H15N5O7S2.Ofloxacin -C18H20FN3O4.
COMPOSITION
Cefixime 200 mg + Ofloxacin 200 mg
INDICATION
Cefixime -For use in the treatment of the following infections when caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms: (1) uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis, (2) otitis media caused by Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase positive and negative strains), Moraxella catarrhalis (most of which are beta-lactamase positive), and S. pyogenes, (3) pharyngitis and tonsillitis caused by S. pyogenes, (4) acute bronchitis and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase positive and negative strains), and (5) uncomplicated gonorrhea (cervical/urethral) caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains).Ofloxacin -For the treatment of infections (respiratory tract, kidney, skin, soft tissue, UTI), urethral and cervical gonorrhoea.
PHARMACODYNAMICS
Cefixime -Cefixime, an antibiotic, is a third-generation cephalosporin like ceftriaxone and cefotaxime. Cefixime is highly stable in the presence of beta-lactamase enzymes. As a result, many organisms resistant to penicillins and some cephalosporins due to the presence of beta-lactamases, may be susceptible to cefixime. The antibacterial effect of cefixime results from inhibition of mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall.Ofloxacin -Ofloxacin is a quinolone/fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Ofloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase, which allows the untwisting required to replicate one DNA double helix into two. Notably the drug has 100 times higher affinity for bacterial DNA gyrase than for mammalian. Ofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
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ABSORPTION
Cefixime -About 40%-50% absorbed orally whether administered with or without food, however, time to maximal absorption is increased approximately 0.8 hours when administered with food.Ofloxacin -Bioavailability of ofloxacin in the tablet formulation is approximately 98%.
METABOLISM
Cefixime -Hepatic. Approximately 50% of the absorbed dose is excreted unchanged in the urine in 24 hours.Ofloxacin -Hepatic.
ELIMINATION
Ofloxacin -Elimination is mainly by renal excretion. Between 65% and 80% of an administered oral dose of ofloxacin is excreted unchanged via the kidneys within 48 hours of dosing. Four to eight percent of an ofloxacin dose is excreted in the feces. This indicates a small degree of biliary excretion of ofloxacin.
HALF LIFE
Cefixime -3-4 hours (may range up to 9 hours). In severe renal impairment (5 to 20 mL/min creatinine clearance), the half-life increased to an average of 11.5 hours.Ofloxacin -9 hours.
TOXICITY
Cefixime -Symptoms of overdose include blood in the urine, diarrhea, nausea, upper abdominal pain, and vomiting.Ofloxacin -LD50=5450 mg/kg (orally in mice).
FOOD INTERACTIONS
avoid alcohol
SIDE EFFECTS
Cefixime -Upset stomach or throwing up. Many small meals, good mouth care, sucking hard, sugar-free candy, or chewing sugar-free gum may help. – Loose stools (diarrhea). Yogurt or probiotics may help. You may get these products at health food stores or in some pharmacies. – For women, vaginal yeast infection. Report itching or discharge.Ofloxacin -Headache. Belly pain. Upset stomach or throwing up. Many small meals, good mouth care, sucking hard, sugar-free candy, or chewing sugar-free gum may help. Loose stools (diarrhea). Yogurt or probiotics may help. You may get these products at health food stores or in some pharmacies. Tendons may rarely get irritated and tear. Unsafe allergic effects may rarely happen.