General
Hospital stay 2-4 daysRecovery 2-4 weeksContraindications
- Poor surgical candidates
- Sever psychiatric disorder
- Intolerance to general anesthesia
- Pregnancy
- Drug or alcohol addiction
- Untreated esophagitis
- Unwillingness or an inability for appropriate long-term follow-up
Potential acute complications
Gastrointestinal obstruction
Hemorrhage
Anastomotic leaks
Deep vein thrombosis
Pulmonary emboli
Dehydration
Death
Potential chronic complications
Weight regain
Marginal ulcer
Esophageal dilation
Dumping syndrome with reactive hypoglycemia
Small bowel obstruction caused by internal hernias or adhesions
Anastomotic stenoses (stomal narrowing)
Calcium defciency
Secondary hyperparathyroidismIron defciency
Protein malnutrition
Other nutritional and mineral defciencies (A,C,D,E,B and K, folate, zinc, magnesium, thiamine)
Anemia (often related to mineral and nutrition defciencies)
Metabolic acidosis
Bacterial overgrowth
Kidney stones (oxalosis)
Neuropathies (resulting from nutritional defciencies)
Osteoporosis (often caused by calcium defciencies and chronically elevated parathyroid hormone levels)
Depression
Potential need to reoperate