Dialysis practice art
Intoduction to dialysis
Principle of dialysis
Dialysis is a procedure to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys stop working properly. It often involves diverting blood to a machine to be cleaned.
Normally, the kidneys filter the blood, removing harmful waste products and excess fluid and turning these into urine to be passed out of the body.
In dialysis patients, the mineral bone axis is deranged.
In attempts
to optimize this, a number of drugs are usually given, including
phosphorus binders, active vitamin D derivatives, and calcium-
receptor-sensitizers.
Dietary restrictions are often required to limit
the amount of phosphorus absorbed.
To understand how to manage
the mineral bone disorder (MBD) of chronic kidney disease (CKD), a
basic understanding of its pathophysiology is helpful.
Dialysis applied science
common diaysis subjects
compare two dialyzers
you can compare different dialyzer such the type, urea clearance on different blood flow, priming volume
Dialyzer Selection
Get dialyzers which have certain criteria such as surface area, urea clearance, blood volume, UF Coefficient, Mode of Sterilization and Membrane Type
dialysis basic concepts
some concepts to be in mind when dealing with dialysis on real practice
dialyzer biocompatibility
The level of complement activation produced by a membrane is considered a significant determinant of membrane biocompatibilit
Dialyzer Info
basic information about the dialyzers related to type, Surface area , urea and creatinine clearance
DRUG DIALYZABILITY
Check wether the drug is dialyzable or not
dialyzer clearance calculation
to calculate the actual dialyzer clearance for any substance
dialyzer reuse
Single-use dialyzers provide the advantage of reducing the cost of personnel, technician training on dialyzer reuse
Dialyzer selection criteria
In cases where the aim is ultrafiltration not
clearance, such as hypervolemia in heart failure
drug dialyzibilty factors
The extent to which a drug is affected by dialysis is determined primarily by several physicochemical characteristics of the drug
hemodialysis prescription
As described by Daugirdas, many excellent nephrologists follow an empiric model when devising the hemodialysis prescription
Influence of design.php
Symmetric membranes, which can be derived either from cellulose or entirely from synthetic polymers, have a homogeneous configuration throughout the membrane wall
Interpretation dialyzer spec
Priming volume is how much blood needs to fill dialyzer capillaries, it consider as dead blood volume. it is varies among dialyzers
hemodialysis dialyzers
Membrane performance, as determined by the effectiveness of solute clearance and biocompatibility, is of greatest concern when choosing a dialyzer.
How the solutes removed
Solute removal in hemodialysis occurs through a combination of diffusion, convection, and adsorption
types of dialyzer Membranes
The materials most commonly used to make hollow fiber membranes include PSf, PES, cellulose triacetate (CTA), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), PEPA, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers
water quality
During haemodialysis each patient is exposed to approximately 320 to 360 litres of water per week and hence, each patient is exposed to the potential risk of chemical or microbiological contamination