DESCRIPTION
Levocetirizine – Levocetirizine (as levocetirizine dihydrochloride) is a third-generation non-sedative antihistamine, developed from the second-generation antihistamine cetirizine. Chemically, levocetirizine is the active enantiomer of cetirizine. It is the R-enantiomer of the cetirizine racemate. Levocetirizine works by blocking histamine receptors. It does not prevent the actual release of histamine from mast cells, but prevents it binding to its receptors. This in turn prevents the release of other allergy chemicals and increased blood supply to the area, and provides relief from the typical symptoms of hay fever. Ambroxyl -Ambroxol is a secretolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory diseases associated with viscid or excessive mucus. It is the active ingredient of Mucosolvan, Lasolvan or Mucoangin. The substance is a mucoactive drug with several properties including secretolytic and secretomotoric actions that restore the physiological clearance mechanisms of the respiratory tract which play an important role in the body’s natural defence mechanisms. It stimulates synthesis and release of surfactant by type II pneumocytes. Surfactants acts as an anti-glue factor by reducing the adhesion of mucus to the bronchial wall, in improving its transport and in providing protection against infection and irritating agents.
CATEGORIES
Levocetirizine – Antihistamines & Antiallergics . Ambroxyl -Expectorants.
CHEMICAL FORMULA
Levocetirizine – C21H25ClN2O3.Ambroxol Hydrochloride -C13H19Br2ClN2O
COMPOSITION
Levocetrizine 2.5 mg + Ambroxyl 30 mg
INDICATION
Levocetirizine – This medication is an antihistamine, prescribed for allergic conditions. Ambroxol – It is a mucolytic and mucokinetic agent. Makes the sputum thinner and less viscous and therefore more easily removed by coughing.
MECHANISM
Ambroxyl -Ambroxol is a mucolytic agent. Excessive Nitric oxide (NO) is associated with inflammatory and some other disturbances of airways function. NO enhances the activation of soluble guanylate cyclase and cGMP accumulation. Ambroxol has been shown to inhibit the NO-dependent activation of soluble guanylate cyclase. It is also possible that the inhibition of NO-dependent activation of soluble guanylate cyclase can suppress the excessive mucus secretion, therefore it lowers the phlegm viscosity and improves the mucociliary transport of bronchial secretions.
ABSORPTION
Ambroxyl -Rapid and almost complete.
METABOLISM
Levocetirizine – Hepatic 14% CYP3A4.
ELIMINATION
Levocetirizine – Renal and fecal.
HALF LIFE
Levocetirizine – 6 to 10 hours. Ambroxyl -7-12 hours
SIDE EFFECTS
Levocetirizine – Feeling lightheaded, sleepy, having blurred eyesight, or a change in thinking clearly. Avoid driving and doing other tasks or actions that call for you to be alert or have clear eyesight until you see how this drug affects you. Dry mouth. Good mouth care, sucking hard, sugar-free candy, or chewing sugar-free gum may help. See a dentist often.Ambroxol Hydrochloride – Running nose, tears, gastric irritation and hypersensitivity. Ambroxyl -Field tests to date have not uncovered specific contraindications of Ambroxol. However, caution is suggested for patients with gastric ulceration, and usage during the first trimester of pregnancy is not recommended.