THYROGLOSSAL DUCT CYSTS
aborashyd83 Thyroglossal duct cysts occur along the embryologic course of the thyroid’s descent from the tuberculum impar of the tongue base to its usual position in the low neckAlthough they may…
2022
CATARACT
ESSENTIALS OF DIAGNOSISGradually progressive blurred visionNo pain or rednessLens opacities (may be grossly visible) General Considerations Cataracts are opacities of the crystalline lens and are usually bilateralThey are the leading…
FUNGAL KERATITIS
Fungal keratitis tends to occur after corneal injury involving plant material or in an agricultural setting, in eyes with chronic ocular surface disease, and increasingly in contact lens wearers.It is…
SIGMOID SINUS THROMBOSIS
Trapped infection within the mastoid air cells adjacent to the sigmoid sinus may cause septic thrombophlebitisThis is heralded by signs of systemic sepsis (spiking fevers, chills), at times accompanied by…
SNORING
ESSENTIALS OF DIAGNOSISNoise produced on inspiration during sleepSnoring is associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) but has no disruption of sleep on clinical sleep evaluation General Considerations Ventilation disorders during…
CERVICAL VERTIGO
Position receptors located in the facets of the cervical spine are important physiologically in the coordination of head and eye movementsCervical proprioceptive dysfunction is a common cause of vertigo triggered…
WIDESPREAD OR SECTORAL RETINAL HEMORRHAGES
with branch being four times more commonThe major predisposing factors are the etiologic factors associated with arteriosclerosis Clinical Findings Symptoms and Signs Ophthalmoscopic signs of central retinal vein occlusion include…
TUMOR METASTASES
In older adults, 80% of firm, persistent, and enlarging neck masses are metastatic in originThe great majority of these arise from squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodi- gestive tractA…
SUDDEN SENSORY HEARING LOSS
Idiopathic sudden loss of hearing in one ear may occur at any age, but typically it occurs in persons over age 20 yearsThe cause is unknown; however, one hypothesis is…
DEEP NECK INFECTIONS
ESSENTIALS OF DIAGNOSISMarked acute neck pain and swellingAbscesses are emergencies because rapid airway compromise may occurMay spread to the mediastinum or cause sepsis General Considerations Ludwig angina is the most…