DESCRIPTION
A potent second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects.
CATEGORIES
Anti-Allergic Agents,Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating,Histamine Antagonists.
CHEMICAL FORMULA
C21H25ClN2O3
COMPOSITION
Cetirizine Hydrochloride 5 MG
INDICATION
For the relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis, perennial allergic rhinitis and the treatment of the uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria
PHARMACODYNAMICS
Cetirizine, the active metabolite of the piperazine H1-receptor antagonist hydroxyzine, is used to treat chronic idiopathic urticaria, perennial allergic rhinitis, seasonal allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, physical urticaria, and atopic dermatitis.
No Information
ABSORPTION
mean peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of 114 ng/mL at a time (Tmax) of 2.2 hours postdose was observed for cetirizine
METABOLISM
Excreted mainly unchanged
ELIMINATION
Urine (mainly), hepatic or excrement (Small amounts).
HALF LIFE
8.3 hours
TOXICITY
Somnolence (sleepiness or unusual drowsiness), restlessness, irritability
FOOD INTERACTIONS
avoid alcohol
SIDE EFFECTS
Commonly reported side effects of cetirizine include dryness of the mouth, nose, and throat, drowsiness, urinary retention, blurred vision, and headaches. Stomach aches are usually rare, but mostly present in patients with lactose intolerance. Cetirizine does not block the action of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, even though these side effects can occur in some patients. Also, cetirizine does not have antidopaminergic properties. In 2012, the FDA added cetirizine in Drugs to Watch List for oculogyric crisis. Somnolence and fatigue were experienced by 7.5% and 4.8%, respectively, of users in a 2009 study.