What is Mania?

Mania is a mental health condition characterized by an abnormally elevated, expansive, or irritable mood, typically associated with Bipolar Disorder. It involves heightened energy, impulsivity, and sometimes delusional thinking.

Symptoms

• Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
• Decreased need for sleep
• Rapid speech and racing thoughts
• Risky behaviors (e.g., spending sprees, unsafe sex)
• Distractibility
• Increased goal-directed activities

Causes and Risk Factors

• Genetic predisposition (family history of Bipolar Disorder)
• Neurochemical imbalances
• Substance use
• High stress or trauma
• Sleep deprivation

Diagnosis

Diagnosed through psychiatric evaluations, typically using the DSM-5 criteria for Bipolar Disorder.

Treatment and Management

• Mood stabilizers (e.g., lithium)
• Antipsychotic medications
• Psychotherapy, especially Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
• Lifestyle regulation (sleep, stress management)

Prognosis and Outlook

With proper treatment, individuals with mania can manage symptoms and live stable, productive lives, though relapses are possible without continued care.