What is ADHD?

ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with daily functioning and development.

Symptoms

• Difficulty sustaining attention
• Easily distracted
• Forgetfulness in daily activities
• Fidgeting or inability to sit still
• Impulsiveness (blurting out answers, interrupting)
• Disorganization and time management issues

Causes and Risk Factors

• Genetic inheritance
• Brain structure and function differences
• Premature birth
• Exposure to environmental toxins (e.g., lead)

Diagnosis

Diagnosed by mental health professionals using DSM-5 criteria, often through behavioral checklists, interviews, and reports from multiple settings (home, school, work).

Treatment and Management

• Medication (stimulants like Adderall, Ritalin; or non-stimulants)
• Behavioral therapy and coaching
• Organizational skills training
• Lifestyle adjustments (e.g., regular exercise, structure, healthy routines)

Prognosis and Outlook

Many people with ADHD can live highly successful lives with appropriate treatment and support, though symptoms may continue into adulthood.