Medical Visual Inspection of the Legs

Examples of normal, bow-legged (genu varum), and knock-kneed (genu valgum) leg alignment.

Observing gait to identify limping, shuffling, or asymmetry.

Skin color variations including pallor, cyanosis, and erythema indicating vascular issues.

Hemosiderin staining and skin changes in chronic venous insufficiency.

"Punched-out" arterial ulcer with pale surrounding skin, typically painful.

Irregular venous ulcer near medial malleolus with associated hyperpigmentation and edema.

Diabetic neuropathic ulcer on the plantar surface of the foot, often painless.

Dilated, tortuous veins commonly visible on calves, indicating venous insufficiency.

Thickened, yellowed toenails due to onychomycosis (fungal infection).

Joint swelling and redness suggestive of inflammation, arthritis, or infection.

Examples of bunions, hammer toes, and flat feet.

Visual assessment of hip, knee, and ankle joint mobility.