Teriflunomide
Generic: TERIFLUNOMIDE
Basic Information
Manufacturer
Biocon Pharma Inc.
Product Type
HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG
Route of Administration
ORAL
FDA Set ID
37f04f8b-001e-66ff-4574-cc34cebce61c
Indications & Usage
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Teriflunomide tablet is indicated for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), to include clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting disease, and active secondary progressive disease, in adults.
Teriflunomide is a pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor indicated for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), to include clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting disease, and active secondary progressive disease, in adults.
( 1 )
Teriflunomide is a pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor indicated for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), to include clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting disease, and active secondary progressive disease, in adults.
( 1 )
Adverse Reactions
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following serious adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the prescribing information: Hepatotoxicity [see Contraindications (4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Bone Marrow Effects/Immunosuppression Potential/Infections [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] Hypersensitivity Reactions [see Contraindications (4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.5)] Serious Skin Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6) ] Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ] Peripheral Neuropathy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8) ] Increased Blood Pressure [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9) ] Respiratory Effects [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10) ] Pancreatitis in Pediatric Patients [see Warnings and Precautions (5.11) ] Most common adverse reactions (≥10% and ≥2% greater than placebo): headache, diarrhea, nausea, alopecia, increase in ALT.
( 6 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Biocon Pharma Inc., at 1-866-924-6266 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.
A total of 2047 patients receiving teriflunomide (7 mg or 14 mg once daily) constituted the safety population in the pooled analysis of placebo-controlled studies in patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis; of these, 71% were female.
The average age was 37 years.
Table 1 lists adverse reactions in placebo-controlled trials with rates that were at least 2% for teriflunomide patients and also at least 2% above the rate in placebo patients.
The most common were headache, an increase in ALT, diarrhea, alopecia, and nausea.
The adverse reaction most commonly associated with discontinuation was an increase in ALT (3.3%, 2.6%, and 2.3% of all patients in the teriflunomide 7 mg, teriflunomide 14 mg, and placebo treatment arms, respectively).
Table 1: Adverse Reactions in Pooled Placebo-Controlled Studies in Patients with Relapsing Forms of Multiple Sclerosis Adverse Reaction Teriflunomide 7 mg (N=1045) Teriflunomide 14 mg (N=1002) Placebo (N=997) Headache 18% 16% 15% Increase in Alanine aminotransferase 13% 15% 9% Diarrhea 13% 14% 8% Alopecia 10% 13% 5% Nausea 8% 11% 7% Paresthesia 8% 9% 7% Arthralgia 8% 6% 5% Neutropenia 4% 6% 2% Hypertension 3% 4% 2% Cardiovascular Deaths Four cardiovascular deaths, including three sudden deaths, and one myocardial infarction in a patient with a history of hyperlipidemia and hypertension were reported among approximately 2600 patients exposed to teriflunomide in the premarketing database.
These cardiovascular deaths occurred during uncontrolled extension studies, one to nine years after initiation of treatment.
A relationship between teriflunomide and cardiovascular death has not been established.
Acute Renal Failure In placebo-controlled studies, creatinine values increased more than 100% over baseline in 8/1045 (0.8%) patients in the 7 mg teriflunomide group and 6/1002 (0.6%) patients in the 14 mg teriflunomide group versus 4/997 (0.4%) patients in the placebo group.
These elevations were transient.
Some elevations were accompanied by hyperkalemia.
Teriflunomide may cause acute uric acid nephropathy with transient acute renal failure because teriflunomide increases renal uric acid clearance.
Hypophosphatemia In clinical trials, 18% of teriflunomide-treated patients had hypophosphatemia with serum phosphorus levels of at least 0.6 mmol/L, compared to 7% of placebo-treated patients; 4% of teriflunomide-treated patients had hypophosphatemia with serum phosphorus levels at least 0.3 mmol/L but less than 0.6 mmol/L, compared to 0.8% of placebo-treated patients.
No patient in any treatment group had a serum phosphorus below 0.3 mmol/L.
6.2 Postmarketing Experience The following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of teriflunomide.
Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.
Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders : Thrombocytopenia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] Gastrointestinal Disorders: Pancreatitis, colitis Hepatobiliary Disorders : Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Immune System Disorders: Hypersensitivity reactions, some of which were severe, such as anaphylaxis and angioedema [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ] Respiratory, Thoracic, and Mediastinal Disorders : Interstitial lung disease [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10) ] Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders : Severe skin reactions, including toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6) ] ; drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ] ; psoriasis or worsening of psoriasis (including pustular psoriasis and nail psoriasis); nail disorders
( 6 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Biocon Pharma Inc., at 1-866-924-6266 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.
A total of 2047 patients receiving teriflunomide (7 mg or 14 mg once daily) constituted the safety population in the pooled analysis of placebo-controlled studies in patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis; of these, 71% were female.
The average age was 37 years.
Table 1 lists adverse reactions in placebo-controlled trials with rates that were at least 2% for teriflunomide patients and also at least 2% above the rate in placebo patients.
The most common were headache, an increase in ALT, diarrhea, alopecia, and nausea.
The adverse reaction most commonly associated with discontinuation was an increase in ALT (3.3%, 2.6%, and 2.3% of all patients in the teriflunomide 7 mg, teriflunomide 14 mg, and placebo treatment arms, respectively).
Table 1: Adverse Reactions in Pooled Placebo-Controlled Studies in Patients with Relapsing Forms of Multiple Sclerosis Adverse Reaction Teriflunomide 7 mg (N=1045) Teriflunomide 14 mg (N=1002) Placebo (N=997) Headache 18% 16% 15% Increase in Alanine aminotransferase 13% 15% 9% Diarrhea 13% 14% 8% Alopecia 10% 13% 5% Nausea 8% 11% 7% Paresthesia 8% 9% 7% Arthralgia 8% 6% 5% Neutropenia 4% 6% 2% Hypertension 3% 4% 2% Cardiovascular Deaths Four cardiovascular deaths, including three sudden deaths, and one myocardial infarction in a patient with a history of hyperlipidemia and hypertension were reported among approximately 2600 patients exposed to teriflunomide in the premarketing database.
These cardiovascular deaths occurred during uncontrolled extension studies, one to nine years after initiation of treatment.
A relationship between teriflunomide and cardiovascular death has not been established.
Acute Renal Failure In placebo-controlled studies, creatinine values increased more than 100% over baseline in 8/1045 (0.8%) patients in the 7 mg teriflunomide group and 6/1002 (0.6%) patients in the 14 mg teriflunomide group versus 4/997 (0.4%) patients in the placebo group.
These elevations were transient.
Some elevations were accompanied by hyperkalemia.
Teriflunomide may cause acute uric acid nephropathy with transient acute renal failure because teriflunomide increases renal uric acid clearance.
Hypophosphatemia In clinical trials, 18% of teriflunomide-treated patients had hypophosphatemia with serum phosphorus levels of at least 0.6 mmol/L, compared to 7% of placebo-treated patients; 4% of teriflunomide-treated patients had hypophosphatemia with serum phosphorus levels at least 0.3 mmol/L but less than 0.6 mmol/L, compared to 0.8% of placebo-treated patients.
No patient in any treatment group had a serum phosphorus below 0.3 mmol/L.
6.2 Postmarketing Experience The following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of teriflunomide.
Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.
Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders : Thrombocytopenia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] Gastrointestinal Disorders: Pancreatitis, colitis Hepatobiliary Disorders : Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Immune System Disorders: Hypersensitivity reactions, some of which were severe, such as anaphylaxis and angioedema [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ] Respiratory, Thoracic, and Mediastinal Disorders : Interstitial lung disease [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10) ] Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders : Severe skin reactions, including toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6) ] ; drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ] ; psoriasis or worsening of psoriasis (including pustular psoriasis and nail psoriasis); nail disorders