1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE INDERAL XL is indicated for the treatment of hypertension, to lower blood pressure.

Lowering blood pressure reduces the risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, primarily strokes and myocardial infarctions.

These benefits have been seen in controlled trials of antihypertensive drugs from a wide variety of pharmacologic classes, including beta-blockers.

Control of high blood pressure should be part of comprehensive cardiovascular risk management, including, as appropriate, lipid control, diabetes management, antithrombotic therapy, smoking cessation, exercise, and limited sodium intake.

Many patients will require more than one drug to achieve blood pressure goals.

For specific advice on goals and management, see published guidelines, such as those of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program’s Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC).

Numerous antihypertensive drugs, from a variety of pharmacologic classes and with different mechanisms of action, have been shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and it can be concluded that it is blood pressure reduction, and not some other pharmacologic property of the drugs, that is largely responsible for those benefits.

The largest and most consistent cardiovascular outcome benefit has been a reduction in the risk of stroke, but reductions in myocardial infarction and cardiovascular mortality also have been seen regularly.

Elevated systolic or diastolic pressure causes increased cardiovascular risk, and the absolute risk increase per mm Hg is greater at higher blood pressures, so that even modest reductions of severe hypertension can provide substantial benefit.

Relative risk reduction from blood pressure reduction is similar across populations with varying absolute risk, so the absolute benefit is greater in patients who are at higher risk independent of their hypertension (for example, patients with diabetes or hyperlipidemia), and such patients would be expected to benefit from more aggressive treatment to a lower blood pressure goal.

Some antihypertensive drugs have smaller blood pressure effects (as monotherapy) in black patients, and many antihypertensive drugs have additional approved indications and effects (e.g., on angina, heart failure, or diabetic kidney disease).

These considerations may guide selection of therapy.

INDERAL XL is a beta adrenergic blocker indicated for the treatment of hypertension, to lower blood pressure.

Lowering blood pressure reduces the risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, primarily strokes and myocardial infarctions.

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6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The most commonly reported adverse reactions (≥3% and greater than placebo) included the following: fatigue, dizziness, and constipation.

( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

at 1-800-308-6755 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.

6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

Adverse reactions occurring at a rate of ≥3%, excluding those reported more commonly in placebo, encountered in the INDERAL XL placebo-controlled hypertension trials and plausibly related to treatment are shown in Table 1.

Table 1.

Treatment-Emergent Adverse Reactions Reported In ≥3% of Subjects INDERAL XL Body System Placebo (N=88) 80 mg (N=89) 120mg (N=85) Fatigue 3 (3%) 4 (5%) 6 (7%) Dizziness (except vertigo) 2 (2%) 6 (7%) 3 (4%) Constipation 0 3 (3%) 1 (1%) 6.2 Postmarketing Experience In addition to adverse reactions reported from clinical trials, the following reactions have been identified during post-marketing use of INDERAL XL.

Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

The following adverse reactions were observed and have been reported with use of formulations of sustained- or immediate-release propranolol.

Allergic: Hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions; pharyngitis and agranulocytosis; erythematous rash, fever combined with aching and sore throat, laryngospasm, and respiratory distress.

Autoimmune: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Cardiovascular: exacerbation of peripheral arterial disease, arterial insufficiency, usually of the Raynaud type.

Central Nervous System: Light-headedness, mental depression, insomnia, lassitude, weakness, fatigue, visual disturbances, hallucinations, vivid dreams, short-term memory loss, emotional lability, slightly clouded sensorium, paresthesia of hands.

Gastrointestinal: Nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, abdominal cramping, diarrhea, mesenteric arterial thrombosis, ischemic colitis.

Genitourinary: Male impotence; Peyronie’s disease.

Hematologic: Agranulocytosis, nonthrombocytopenic purpura, thrombocytopenic purpura.

Musculoskeletal: Myopathy, myotonia.

Skin and mucous membranes: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, dry eyes, exfoliative dermatitis, erythema multiforme, urticaria, alopecia, SLE-like reactions, and psoriasisiform rashes.