{"id":4619,"date":"2025-03-31T18:12:14","date_gmt":"2025-03-31T18:12:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/pentamidine-isethionate-txt\/"},"modified":"2025-03-31T18:12:14","modified_gmt":"2025-03-31T18:12:14","slug":"pentamidine-isethionate-txt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/pentamidine-isethionate-txt\/","title":{"rendered":"pentamidine isethionate.txt"},"content":{"rendered":"

CLINICAL USE <\/H3>
\nAntibacterial agent:Pneumocystis treatment and prophylaxis Visceral leishmaniasis Cutaneous leishmaniasis Trypanosomiasis

DOSE IN NORMAL RENAL FUNCTION <\/H3>Pneumocystis: Treatment: Nebuliser: 600 mg daily for \u20143 weeks; IV: 4 mg\/kg\/day for at least 14 days Prophylaxis: 300 mg monthly or \u2014150 mg every 2 weeksVisceral leishmaniasis: 3\u20134 mg\/kg on alternate days to a maximum of 10 doses (deep IM)Cutaneous leishmaniasis: 3\u20134 mg\/kg once or twice weekly (deep IM)Trypanosomiasis: 4 mg\/kg daily, or alternate days to a total of 7\u201310 doses (deep IM or IV)

PHARMACOKINETICS <\/H3>
  • Molecular weight &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :592.7<\/li>\n
  • %Protein binding &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :69<\/li>\n
  • %Excreted unchanged in urine &nbsp &nbsp : <5<\/li>\n

  • Volume of distribution (L\/kg) &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :3\u20134<\/li>\n

  • half-life \u2013 normal\/ESRD (hrs)&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :6\u20139\/9

    DOSE IN RENAL IMPAIRMENT <\/H3>

    GFR (mL\/MIN)<\/H4>
  • 20 to 50 &nbsp &nbsp : Dose as in normal renal function
  • 10 to 20 &nbsp &nbsp : Dose as in normal renal function
  • <10 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : Depending on severity of infection: 4 mg\/kg\/day IV for 7\u201310 days, then on alternate days to complete minimum 14 doses, OR, 4 mg\/kg on alternate days to complete minimum 14 doses

    DOSE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPIES <\/H3>
  • CAPD &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp:Not dialysed. Dose as in GFR <10 mL\/min <\/p>\n
  • HD &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :Not dialysed. Dose as in GFR <10 mL\/min
  • HDF\/high flux &nbsp :Unknown dialysability. Dose as in GFR <10 mL\/min
  • CAV\/VVHD &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp:Unknown dialysability. Dose as in GFR 10 to 20 mL\/min

    IMPORTANT DRUG INTERACTIONS <\/H3>Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs\n
  • Anti-arrhythmics: increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias with amiodarone \u2013 avoid concomitant use\n
  • Antibacterials: increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias with moxifloxacin and parenteral erythromycin \u2013 avoid concomitant use with moxifloxacin\n
  • Antidepressants: increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias with tricyclics\n
  • Antipsychotics: increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias with amisulpride and phenothiazines \u2013 avoid concomitant use with amisulprideIvabradine: increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias

    ADMINISTRATION <\/H3>

    Reconstition<\/H4>IV: 300 mg with 3\u20135 mL water for injection IM: 300 mg with 3 mL water for injection Inhalation: 600 mg with 6 mL water for injection

    Route <\/H4>IV, IM, nebulised

    Rate of Administration <\/H4>Over at least 1 hour

    Comments<\/H4>Dilute calculated dose in 50\u2013250 mL sodium chloride 0.9% or glucose 5%Pentamidine isetionate.570 PEnTAMidinE isETionATE

    OTHER INFORMATION <\/H4>Monitor patients closely Patient must be lying down when drug is administeredIf given by

    IV infusion <\/H4>, patient should be monitored closely: heart rate, blood pressure, blood glucoseIV prophylaxis (unlicensed): 4\u20135 mg\/kg over a minimum of 1 hour every 4 weeksNebulise over 20 minutes using Respigard II or other suitable nebuliser, oxygen flow rate 6\u201310 L\/minute5 mg nebulised salbutamol may be given prior to pentamidine nebulisation to reduce risk of bronchospasm. Do not mix together in nebuliserMay produce reversible impairment of renal functionRenal clearance accounts for <5% of the plasma clearance of pentamidine.
    \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    CLINICAL USE Antibacterial agent:Pneumocystis treatment and prophylaxis Visceral leishmaniasis Cutaneous<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[7],"class_list":["post-4619","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog","tag-post-by-auto-php"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4619","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4619"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4619\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4619"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4619"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4619"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}