{"id":4479,"date":"2025-03-31T18:12:09","date_gmt":"2025-03-31T18:12:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/zidovudine-txt\/"},"modified":"2025-03-31T18:12:09","modified_gmt":"2025-03-31T18:12:09","slug":"zidovudine-txt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/zidovudine-txt\/","title":{"rendered":"Zidovudine.txt"},"content":{"rendered":"

CLINICAL USE <\/H3> Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor: Treatment of HIV in combination with other antiretroviral drugs Prevention of maternal-foetal HIV transmission

DOSE IN NORMAL RENAL FUNCTION <\/H3> Oral: 500\u2013600 mg daily in 2\u20133 divided doses IV: 1\u20132 mg\/kg every 4 hours

PHARMACOKINETICS <\/H3>
  • Molecular weight &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : 267.2 <\/li>\n
  • %Protein binding &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : 34\u201338 <\/li>\n
  • %Excreted unchanged in urine &nbsp &nbsp : 8\u201325 <\/li>\n

  • Volume of distribution (L\/kg) &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : 1.6 <\/li>\n

  • half-life \u2013 normal\/ESRD (hrs)&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : 1.1\/1. 4\u20133

    DOSE IN RENAL IMPAIRMENT <\/H3>

    GFR (mL\/MIN)<\/H4>
  • 20 to 50 &nbsp &nbsp : Give 100% of normal dose every 8 hours
  • 10 to 20 &nbsp &nbsp : Give 100% of normal dose every 8 hours
  • <10 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : Give 50% of normal dose every 8 hours1

    DOSE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPIES <\/H3>
  • CAPD &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp: Not dialysed. Dose as in GFR <10 mL\/min <\/p>\n
  • HD &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : Not dialysed. Dose as in GFR <10 mL\/min Give post dialysis
  • HDF\/high flux &nbsp : Unknown dialysability. Dose as in GFR <10 mL\/min Give post dialysis
  • CAV\/VVHD &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp: Not dialysed. Dose as in GFR 10 to 20 mL\/min

    IMPORTANT DRUG INTERACTIONS <\/H3> Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs\n
  • Antibacterials: absorption reduced by clarithromycin; avoid concomitant use with rifampicin\n
  • Anti-epileptics: phenytoin levels may be raised or lowered; concentration possibly increased by valproate (increased risk of toxicity)\n
  • Antifungals: concentration increased by fluconazole\n
  • Antivirals: profound myelosuppression with ganciclovir \u2013 avoid if possible; extreme lethargy on administration of IV aciclovir; effects of stavudine inhibited \u2013 avoid concomitant use; concentration reduced by tipranavir

    ADMINISTRATION <\/H3>

    Reconstition<\/H4> –

    Route <\/H4> IV, oral

    Rate of Administration <\/H4> 1 hour

    Comments<\/H4> Dilute with glucose 5% infusion to give a final concentration of 2 mg\/mL or 4 mg\/mL

    OTHER INFORMATION <\/H4> Dialysis has little effect on zidovudine, presumably because of rapid metabolism. The glucuronide metabolite (T\u00bd =1 hour) has no antiviral activity and will be significantly removed by dialysis Patients with severe renal failure have 50% higher maximum plasma concentrations 90% of a dose is excreted renally, mostly as the glucuronide. There is substantial accumulation of this metabolite in renal failure Main risk in renal impairment is haematological toxicity
    \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    CLINICAL USE Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor: Treatment of HIV in<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[7],"class_list":["post-4479","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog","tag-post-by-auto-php"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4479","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4479"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4479\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4479"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4479"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4479"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}