{"id":4407,"date":"2025-03-31T18:12:07","date_gmt":"2025-03-31T18:12:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/theophylline-txt\/"},"modified":"2025-03-31T18:12:07","modified_gmt":"2025-03-31T18:12:07","slug":"theophylline-txt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/theophylline-txt\/","title":{"rendered":"Theophylline.txt"},"content":{"rendered":"

CLINICAL USE <\/H3> Reversible airways obstruction Acute severe asthma

DOSE IN NORMAL RENAL FUNCTION <\/H3> Oral: depends on preparation used IV: Deteriorating asthma not previously treated with theophylline: 5 mg\/kg (250\u2013 500 mg) (as aminophylline) over at least 20 minutes Acute severe asthma: 500 mcg\/kg\/hour (as aminophylline) adjusted according to plasma-theophylline levels

PHARMACOKINETICS <\/H3>
  • Molecular weight &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : 180.2 <\/li>\n
  • %Protein binding &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : 35\u201360 <\/li>\n
  • %Excreted unchanged in urine &nbsp &nbsp : 10 <\/li>\n

  • Volume of distribution (L\/kg) &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : 0.3\u20130.7 <\/li>\n

  • half-life \u2013 normal\/ESRD (hrs)&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : 3\u201312\/Unchanged

    DOSE IN RENAL IMPAIRMENT <\/H3>

    GFR (mL\/MIN)<\/H4>
  • 20 to 50 &nbsp &nbsp : Dose as in normal renal function
  • 10 to 20 &nbsp &nbsp : Dose as in normal renal function
  • <10 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : Dose as in normal renal function. See \u2018Other Information\u2019

    DOSE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPIES <\/H3>
  • CAPD &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp: Not dialysed. Dose as in GFR <10 mL\/min <\/p>\n
  • HD &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : Dialysed. Dose as in GFR
  • <10 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : mL\/ min
  • HDF\/high flux &nbsp : Dialysed. Dose as in GFR
  • <10 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : mL\/ min
  • CAV\/VVHD &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp: Not dialysed. Dose as in normal renal function

    IMPORTANT DRUG INTERACTIONS <\/H3> Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs\n
  • Antibacterials: increased concentration with azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and isoniazid; decreased plasma levels with erythromycin if erythromycin taken orally; increased risk of convulsions if given with quinolones; rifampicin accelerates metabolism of theophylline\n
  • Antidepressants: concentration increased by fluvoxamine \u2013 avoid concomitant use or halve theophylline dose and monitor levels; concentration reduced by St John\u2019s wort \u2013 avoid concomitant use\n
  • Anti-epileptics: metabolism increased by carbamazepine and primidone; concentration of both drugs increased with phenytoin\n
  • Antifungals: concentration increased by fluconazole and ketoconazole\n
  • Antivirals: metabolism of theophylline increased by ritonavir\n
  • Calcium-channel blockers: concentration increased by diltiazem and verapamil and possibly other calcium-channel blockers\n
  • Tacrolimus: may increase tacrolimus levels\n
  • Ulcer-healing drugs: metabolism inhibited by cimetidine; absorption possibly reduced by sucralfate

    ADMINISTRATION <\/H3>

    Reconstition<\/H4> \u2013

    Route <\/H4> Oral, IV

    Rate of Administration <\/H4> At least 20 minutes or 500 mcg\/kg\/hour depends on indication

    Comments<\/H4> \u2013

    OTHER INFORMATION <\/H4> Therapeutic levels should be in the range
  • 10 to 20 &nbsp &nbsp : mg\/litre (55\u2013110 micromols\/litre) 50% of dose is removed by haemodialysis Studies have used it to protect against contrast nephropathy, with conflicting results .
    \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    CLINICAL USE Reversible airways obstruction Acute severe asthma DOSE IN<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[7],"class_list":["post-4407","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog","tag-post-by-auto-php"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4407","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4407"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4407\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4407"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4407"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4407"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}