{"id":3673,"date":"2025-03-31T18:11:47","date_gmt":"2025-03-31T18:11:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/allopurinol-txt\/"},"modified":"2025-03-31T18:11:47","modified_gmt":"2025-03-31T18:11:47","slug":"allopurinol-txt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/allopurinol-txt\/","title":{"rendered":"Allopurinol.txt"},"content":{"rendered":"

Allopurinol<\/h1>\n

CLINICAL USE <\/H3><\/p>\n
  • Gout prophylaxis\n
  • Hyperuricaemia\n

    DOSE IN NORMAL RENAL FUNCTION <\/H3>
    \n100\u2013900 mg\/day (usually 300 mg\/day)
    \nDoses above 300 mg should be given in
    \ndivided doses
    \n

    PHARMACOKINETICS <\/H3>
    \n
  • Molecular weight &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :
    \n136.1\n<\/li>\n
  • %Protein binding &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :
    \n<5\n<\/li>\n
  • %Excreted unchanged in urine &nbsp &nbsp :
    \n
  • <10 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :\n<\/li>\n

  • Volume of distribution (L\/kg) &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :
    \n1.6\n<\/li>\n

  • half-life \u2013 normal\/ESRD (hrs)&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :
    \n1\u20132\/Increased
    \n

    DOSE IN RENAL IMPAIRMENT <\/H3>
    \n

    GFR (mL\/MIN)<\/H4>
    \n
  • 20 to 50 &nbsp &nbsp : 200\u2013300 mg daily
    \n
  • 10 to 20 &nbsp &nbsp : 100\u2013200 mg daily
    \n
  • <10 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :
    \n100 mg daily or 100 mg on alternate
    \ndays
    \n

    DOSE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPIES <\/H3>
    \n
  • CAPD &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp:
    \nDialysed. Dose as in GFR
  • <10 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : mL\/
    \nmin<\/p>\n
  • HD &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :
    \nDialysed. Dose as in GFR
  • <10 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : mL\/
    \nmin
    \n
  • HDF\/high flux &nbsp :
    \nDialysed. Dose as in GFR
  • <10 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp : mL\/
    \nmin
    \n
  • CAV\/VVHD &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp:
    \nDialysed. Dose as in GFR=10\u2013
    \n20 mL\/min
    \n

    IMPORTANT DRUG INTERACTIONS <\/H3>
    \nPotentially hazardous interactions with other drugs<\/p>\n
  • ACE inhibitors: increased risk of toxicity\n

    with captopril<\/p>\n

  • Ciclosporin: isolated reports of raised\n

    ciclosporin levels (risk of nephrotoxicity)<\/p>\n

  • Cytotoxics: effects of azathioprine and\n

    mercaptopurine enhanced with increased
    \ntoxicity; avoid concomitant use with
    \ncapecitabine
    \n

    ADMINISTRATION <\/H3>
    \n

    Reconstition<\/H4>
    \n\u2013
    \n

    Route <\/H4>
    \nOral<\/p>\n

    Rate of Administration <\/H4>
    \n\u2013
    \n

    Comments<\/H4><\/p>\n
  • In all grades of renal impairment\n

    commence with 100 mg\/day and increase
    \nif serum and\/or urinary urate response is
    \nunsatisfactory. Doses less than 100 mg\/day
    \nmay be required in some patients<\/p>\n

  • Take as a single daily dose, preferably after\n

    food
    \n

    OTHER INFORMATION <\/H4>
    \nA parenteral preparation is available from <\/p>\n

    Glaxo Wellcome on a named patient basis<\/p>\n

  • HD patients may be given 300 mg post\n

    dialysis, i.e. on alternate days<\/p>\n

  • Increased incidence of skin rash in\n

    patients with renal impairment<\/p>\n

  • Efficient dialysis usually controls serum\n

    uric acid levels
    \nIf a patient is prescribed azathioprine or <\/p>\n

    6-mercaptopurine concomitantly, reduce
    \nazathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine dose by
    \n66\u201375%<\/p>\n

  • Main active metabolite: oxipurinol \u2013\n

    renally excreted; plasma protein binding
    \n17%; half-life: Normal\/ESRF = 13\u2013
    \n30\/>125 hours \u2013 1 week<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Allopurinol CLINICAL USE Gout prophylaxis Hyperuricaemia DOSE IN NORMAL RENAL<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[7],"class_list":["post-3673","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog","tag-post-by-auto-php"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3673","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3673"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3673\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3673"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3673"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3673"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}