{"id":3082,"date":"2023-06-26T07:39:17","date_gmt":"2023-06-26T07:39:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/?p=3082"},"modified":"2023-06-26T07:39:18","modified_gmt":"2023-06-26T07:39:18","slug":"kidney-how-it-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/kidney-how-it-work\/","title":{"rendered":"KIDNEY HOW IT WORK"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The kidney is very important organ<br>It supplied about 20 % of cardiac output<br>Cardiac output is about 72 ml per peat, 72 peat per min average 5200 ml per minute<br>Renal blood flow is about 1-1.2 L\/min enter the kidney, most of it 90 % goes to the cortex<br>Renal plasma flow equal Renal blood flow (1 \u2013 Ht), it is about 500 \u2013 600 mL\/mi<br>Glomerular filtration rate equal About 20 % of Renal blood flow (filtration fraction) 100 \u2013 120 mL\/min<br>The kidneys maintains semi constant glomerular filtration rate by some mechanisms here illustration<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Glomerular filtration rate depend on:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pressure gradient across the filtration barrier:<br>glomerular hydrostatic pressure (= 60 mmHg). It promotes filtration.<br>hydrostatic pressure in Bowman\u2019s capsule (= 18 mmHg). It opposes filtration.<br>colloid osmotic pressure of glomerular plasma proteins (= 32 mmHg). It opposes filtration.<br>Net Filtration Pressure (NFP) = 60-18-32= 10 mmHg.Permeability of the filtration barrier (through 3 layers):<br>The endothelium of capillary<br>Filtration slits of epithelial lining of bowman capsule (Podocytes)<br>Basement membrane (high negatively charge due to presence of proteoglycans)Filtration membrane surface area<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">* Effect of glomerular hydrostatic pressure<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Increased by: (increase GFR)<br>increase Arterial blood pressure (slightly affect due to autoregulation)<br>Afferent arteriole vasodilation<br>Moderate efferent arteriole vasoconstriction(1).Decreased By: (decrease GFR)<br>Afferent arteriole vasoconstriction<br>Efferent arteriole vasodilation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">* Effect of hydrostatic pressure in Bowman\u2019s capsule<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Increased by: (decrease GFR)Urinary obstruction (such as: Kidney stones)Kidney edema<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">* Effect of colloid osmotic pressure of glomerular plasma proteins<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Increased by: (decrease GFR)<br>Dehydration<br>Decrease renal blood flow<br>Severe efferent vasoconstrictionDecreased by: (increase GFR)<br>Hypoproteinemia<br>increase renal blood flow<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Autoregulation of GFR and Renal Blood Flow<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Effective in blood pressure range from 75 to 160 mmHgdrop blood pressure below 75 or higher than 160 will change GFR about 10 percent mechanismhigh blood pressure lead to afferent arteriole constriction and dilatation the efferent arteriolelow blood pressure, dilatation afferent arteriole and constriction efferent arteriole<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/assets\/images\/Kidney%20how%20it%20work.jpg\" alt=\"Featured 1\"\/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The kidney is very important organIt supplied about 20 %<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3082","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3082","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3082"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3082\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3083,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3082\/revisions\/3083"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3082"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3082"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kidneydiseaseclinic.net\/kdc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3082"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}