pentoxifylline

CLINICAL USE

Peripheral vascular disease Venous leg ulcers (unlicensed indication)

DOSE IN NORMAL RENAL FUNCTION

400 mg 2 to 3 times daily

PHARMACOKINETICS

Molecular weight :278.3

%Protein binding :0

%Excreted unchanged in urine : 0 (95% as active metabolites)

Volume of distribution (L/kg) :2.4–4.2

half-life – normal/ESRD (hrs) :0.4–1/Unchanged (see ‘Other Information’)

DOSE IN RENAL IMPAIRMENT

GFR (mL/MIN)

30–50 Dose as in normal renal function10–30 Reduce dose by 30–50% depending on individual tolerance (400 mg once or twice daily)

<10 : Reduce dose by 30–50% depending on individual tolerance (400 mg once or twice daily)

DOSE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPIES

CAPD :Not dialysed. 400 mg daily, slowly increasing if necessary

HD :Not dialysed. 400 mg daily, slowly increasing if necessary

HDF/high flux :Unknown dialysability. 400 mg daily, slowly increasing if necessary

CAV/VVHD :Not dialysed. Dose as in GFR=10–30 mL/min

IMPORTANT DRUG INTERACTIONS

Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs

Analgesics: possibly increased risk of bleeding when administered in combination with NSAIDs; increased risk of bleeding with ketorolac – avoid concomitant use

ADMINISTRATION

Reconstition

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Route

Oral

Rate of Administration

–

Comments

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OTHER INFORMATION

May enhance hypoglycaemia Avoid in porphyria Active metabolites are renally excreted and have an extended half-life in renal impairment

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