Infection with parvovirus strain B19 causes an illness characterized by a bright red rash on the cheeks, hence one of its alternative names: slapped cheek disease (other names are fifth disease and erythema infectiosum). The infection is usually transmitted in airborne droplets but may occasionally be transmitted from mother to fetus.
Symptoms usually appear within 4 to 14 days of infection and, in children, typically include fever and the distinctive rash, which spreads from the cheeks to the body and limbs.
Symptoms in adults are more severe and may include a rash on the palms and soles, and severe, persistent joint pain.
Infection during pregnancy increases the risk of health problems in the baby or miscarriage. Treatment is with medication to relieve symptoms.
The infection usually clears up within 1 to 3 weeks, and one attack confers lifelong immunity