Azithromycin

CLINICAL USE

Antibacterial agent

DOSE IN NORMAL RENAL FUNCTION

Genital chlamydial infections: 1 g as single dose

All other indications: 500 mg daily for 3 days

Typhoid (unlicensed): 500 mg daily for 7 days

PHARMACOKINETICS

Molecular weight :785

%Protein binding :12–52

%Excreted unchanged in urine : 6–12

Volume of distribution (L/kg) :31.1

half-life – normal/ESRD (hrs) :48–96/–

DOSE IN RENAL IMPAIRMENT

GFR (mL/MIN)

20 to 50 : Dose as in normal renal function

10 to 20 : Dose as in normal renal function

<10 : Dose as in normal renal function

DOSE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPIES

CAPD :Not dialysed. Dose as in normal renal function

HD :Unknown dialysability. Dose as in normal renal function

HDF/high flux :Unknown dialysability. Dose as in normal renal function

CAV/VVHD :Unknown dialysability. Dose as in normal renal function

IMPORTANT DRUG INTERACTIONS

Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs

Antibacterials: possibly increased rifabutin concentration (increased risk of uveitis) – reduce dose of rifabutin)

Anticoagulants: effect of coumarins may be enhanced

Antidepressants: the manufacturer of reboxetine advises to avoid concomitant use

Antihistamines: may inhibit the metabolism of mizolastine (risk of hazardous arrhythmias) – avoid concomitant use

Antimalarials: avoid concomitant use with artemether/lumefantrine

Antipsychotics: possibly increased quetiapine concentration – reduce quetiapine dose; possibly increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias with sertindole – avoid concomitant use

Antivirals: concentration possibly increased by ritonavir

Ciclosporin: may inhibit the metabolism of ciclosporin (increased plasma ciclosporin levels)

Ergot alkaloids: increased risk of ergotism – avoid concomitant use

Theophylline: possibly increased theophylline concentration

ADMINISTRATION

Reconstition

Powder for oral suspension to be reconstituted with water (200 mg/5 mL strength)

Route

Oral

Rate of Administration

–

Comments

Administer as a once daily dose 1 hour before food or 2 hours after food.

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