Acarbose

CLINICAL USE

Antidiabetic agent

DOSE IN NORMAL RENAL FUNCTION

50–200 mg 3 times a day

PHARMACOKINETICS

Molecular weight &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :
645.6

%Protein binding &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :
15

%Excreted unchanged in urine &nbsp &nbsp :
1.7 (35% including
inactive metabolites)

Volume of distribution (L/kg) &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :
0.32

half-life – normal/ESRD (hrs)&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :
3–9/Increased

DOSE IN RENAL IMPAIRMENT

GFR (mL/MIN)

25–50 Dose as in normal renal function
10–25 Avoid

<10 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :
Avoid

DOSE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPIES

CAPD &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp:
Unknown dialysability. Avoid

HD &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp :
Unknown dialysability. Avoid. See
‘Other Information’

HDF/high flux &nbsp :
Unknown dialysability. Avoid. See
‘Other Information’

CAV/VVHD &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp:
Unknown dialysability. Avoid

IMPORTANT DRUG INTERACTIONS

Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs

Antibacterials: hypoglycaemic effect

possibly enhanced and increased
gastrointestinal side effects with neomycin

Lipid lowering agents: hypoglycaemic

effect possibly enhanced by colestyramine

ADMINISTRATION

Reconstition

–

Route

Oral

Rate of Administration

–

Comments

OTHER INFORMATION

Only 1–2% of active drug is absorbed

In renal impairment, peak concentrations

are 5 times higher than in the general
population and the AUC is 6 times higher

One paper records the use of acarbose

in a haemodialysis patient who had
undergone a total gastrectomy to treat
oxyhyperglycaemia: using a dose of
100 mg before meals.

with food

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