Septicemia, commonly known as blood poisoning, is a potentially life-threatening condition in which bacteria enter the bloodstream, multiply rapidly, and spread throughout the body. It is usually due to bacteria escaping from a more localized infection—such as a lung, kidney, urinary tract, or abdominal infection—or a wound or abscess.
Those with reduced immunity, young children, and older people are particularly susceptible.
Symptoms usually develop suddenly and may include fever, chills, violent shivering, and lightheadedness.
Without treatment, septic shock may develop, with symptoms such as pale, clammy skin; restlessness; irritability; rapid, shallow breathing; and, in severe cases, delirium, unconsciousness, and even death. Urgent medical treatment with antibiotics is necessary.
If septic shock has developed, treatment may also involve supportive measures, such as artificial ventilation and medications.
Surgery to remove infected tissue may also be needed.