Sometimes called varicella, chicken pox is an infectious disease caused by the varicella zoster virus that produces a rash and fever. An attack gives lifelong immunity, but the virus remains dormant in the body and may reappear later to cause shingles.
The virus is spread by airborne droplets or by direct contact. It is highly contagious, and those with chicken pox should stay away from nonimmune people.
The virus can also cause serious complications during pregnancy.
Symptoms appear 1 to 3 weeks after infection. Initially, there is a widespread rash of red spots.
The spots develop into itchy, fluid-filled blisters, which dry out and form scabs that eventually fall off.
Symptoms can be relieved with acetaminophen and over-the-counter preparations to reduce itching. In some cases, a doctor may prescribe antiviral medication.
There is a vaccine against chicken pox recommended for certain groups of people.