indapamide

CLINICAL USE

Thiazide-like diuretic:Essential hypertension

DOSE IN NORMAL RENAL FUNCTION

2.5 daily in the morningModified release: 1.5 mg daily in the morning

PHARMACOKINETICS

Molecular weight :365.8

%Protein binding :79

%Excreted unchanged in urine : 5–7

Volume of distribution (L/kg) :0.3–1.3

half-life – normal/ESRD (hrs) :14–24/Unchanged

DOSE IN RENAL IMPAIRMENT

GFR (mL/MIN)

20 to 50 : Dose as in normal renal function

10 to 20 : Dose as in normal renal function

<10 : Dose as in normal renal function. See ‘Other Information’

DOSE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPIES

CAPD :Not dialysed. Dose as in GFR <10 mL/min

HD :Not dialysed. Dose as in GFR <10 mL/min

HDF/high flux :Not dialysed. Dose as in GFR <10 mL/min

CAV/VVHD :Not dialysed. Dose as in normal renal function

IMPORTANT DRUG INTERACTIONS

Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs

Analgesics: increased risk of nephrotoxicity with NSAIDs; antagonism of diuretic effect

Anti-arrhythmics: hypokalaemia leads to increased cardiac toxicity; effects of lidocaine and mexiletine antagonised

Antibacterials: avoid administration with lymecycline

Antidepressants: increased risk of hypokalaemia with reboxetine; enhanced hypotensive effect with MAOIs; increased risk of postural hypotension with tricyclics

Anti-epileptics: increased risk of hyponatraemia with carbamazepine

Antifungals: increased risk of hypokalaemia with amphotericinAntihypertensives: enhanced hypotensive effect; increased risk of first dose hypotension with post-synaptic alpha-blockers like prazosin; hypokalaemia increases risk of ventricular arrhythmias with sotalol

Antipsychotics: hypokalaemia increases risk of ventricular arrhythmias with amisulpride or sertindole; enhanced hypotensive effect with phenothiazines; hypokalaemia increases risk of ventricular arrhythmias with pimozide – avoid concomitant use

Atomoxetine: hypokalaemia increases risk of ventricular arrhythmias. Cardiac glycosides: increased toxicity if hypokalaemia occurs

Ciclosporin: increased risk of nephrotoxicity and possibly hypomagnesaemia Lithium excretion reduced (increased toxicity)

ADMINISTRATION

Reconstition

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Route

Oral

Rate of Administration

–

Comments

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OTHER INFORMATION

If pre-existing renal insufficiency is aggravated – stop indapamideDoses greater than 2.5 mg daily are not recommendedCaution if hypokalaemia develops Ineffective in ERF One-month studies of functionally anephric patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis have not shown evidence of drug accumulation, despite the fact that indapamide is not dialysable.

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